At the 2025 Tallinn Digital Summit, The Agentic State Vision Paper was presented: a framework for how agentic AI will transform twelve functional layers of government and public administration.

On 9th October 2025 at the Tallinn Digital Summit, Luukas Ilves and Manuel Kilian presented the Vision Paper The Agentic State: Rethinking Government for the Era of Agentic AI.

The arrival of agentic AI represents the most significant disruption to how governments work since the rise of the modern state. Governments worldwide have consistently lagged in technology adoption, creating efficiency gaps and mounting citizen frustration. Agentic AI — which industry leaders are adopting at unprecedented pace — stands to widen this gap further unless governments rise to the challenge.

This Vision Paper explores how agentic AI will transform twelve functional layers of government and public administration. The Agentic State signifies a fundamental shift in governance, where AI systems can perceive, reason, and act with minimal human intervention to deliver public value.

Developed with contributions from over 20 global digital government leaders — including Ukraine's First Deputy Prime Minister Mykhailo Fedorov, former U.S. Deputy Chief Technology Officer Jennifer Pahlka, and Estonia's Minister for Justice and Digital Affairs Liisa Pakosta — the paper presents a comprehensive framework for government transformation. As such, the paper is intended as a starting point, not a finished product. Rather than providing a fixed roadmap, its purpose is to stimulate discussion, challenge assumptions, and establish a shared basis for experimentation.